Abstract
A cross-sectional, nationwide survey was conducted in Japan to examine the relationship
between tobacco smoking and oral diseases including implant failure. A questionnaire
survey was sent to designated facilities by post, and 158 answered questions regarding
implant loss. Smoking status, number of implant failures, and other related variables
were collected from the participating dentists as secondary data. A total of 1966
patients who were treated with dental implants by participating dentists during the
survey period were analysed. Among the total sample, 90 (5%) had early implant loss
(≤12 months) and 153 (8%) had late implant loss (>12 months and ≤120 months). The
number of pack-years was significantly higher in the total (early and late) implant
loss group (31.2 ± 15.9) than in the group with no implant loss (26.1 ± 18.1) (P = 0.026). In the multivariate analysis, the number of implants installed, smoking, and
pack-years were significant factors for total implant loss. The adjusted odds ratio
for implant failure for current smokers compared with never smokers was 2.07 (95%
CI 1.19–3.62) for early implant loss and 1.48 (95% CI 0.92–2.37) for late implant
loss. This study reaffirms that current smoking is associated with an increased risk
of early implant loss, irrespective of the duration of smoking exposure.
Key words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 10, 2021
Accepted:
January 18,
2021
Footnotes
☆All authors are members of the Committee for a Tobacco-Free Society, Public Interest Incorporated Association for the Japanese Academy of Maxillofacial Implants.
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
