Virtual occlusion in planning orthognathic surgical procedures

To obtain digital dental models, plaster cast were separately CBCT scanned.

(a) Initial setup in the 3D environment. (b) The dental model can be translated in any direction and (c) rotated round the X, Y and Z axes. (d) When the dental models collide, they are coloured red and penetration of the models is prevented. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of the article.)

(a–c) Corresponding points can be indicated manually on the upper and lower dentition models (d).

(a) After defining an initial position with the first tool, correspondences were indicated. (b) Simulation result. (c) To facilitate the dentition of a good occlusion, an occlusionogram is shown.

(a) Manual procedure. First row: manually placed casts and fixed in final occlusion. Second row: digitized sets of casts. Third row: final co-aligned casts with separated and colour coded upper casts. (b) Virtual procedure. (c) Repetition of setup 1 for surgeon A after 3 weeks.

(a) Distances were only calculated in a small region around the occlusal plane. (b) The distances calculated between different sets can be projected on top of the dental surface mesh by means of a colour code. The colour bar ranges from −2mm to 2mm. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of the article.)